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=﻿Death Penalty= We are against the death penalty! Ryan Kean Ashley Wetzel Ashly Divico Daniel Patterson

Ashly's Notes: __Death Penalty Information Center__. December, 20, 2010 December, 21, 2010 []. 9. The death penalty laws was first established in the 18th century BC 10. In the 11th century A.D they said the only reason a person could be hanged was if they committed murder. 11. In 1767 Cesare Beccaria wrote an essay that theorized, that there is no justification for the state to take a life. 12. In 1846 Michigan became the first state to get rid of the death penalty for all crimes except treason. 13. In 1890 the first person was executed by electrocution. 14. From 1907-1917 Nine states abolished the death penalty, or at least limited them 15. In 1924, the use of cyanide gas was introduced as an execution method 17. In the 1930’s Executions had reached their highest levels in American history at, am average of 167 per year. 18. In 1977 Oklahoma became the first state to adopt the lethal injection for execution 19. In the Supreme court case Coker v. Georgia, it was stated that the death penalty was an unconstitutional form of punishment for rape of an adult woman, when the victum is not killed. 20. In 1982 the first person was executed by a lethal injection. 21. In the supreme court case Ford v. Wainwright Execution of insane persons is banned 22. There are 37 states that use the death penalty 23. there are many ways to exicute people they are, hanging, gas chaimber, electrocution,and a lethal injection. 24. In 1995 the most people were executed in the history of the death penalty at 326 deaths 25. In kentucky you would have to murder or kidnap someone to get the death penalty 26. In Alabama you would have to intentionally murder someone to get sentanced to the death penalty 27. In Louisiana you would have to have a first degree murder charge or treason. 28. In virginia you wouuld have to commit first degree murder to get sentanced to the death penalty 29. In arkensas you would have to commit first degree murder or treson to get sentanced to the death penalty 30. In floride you would have to, commit first degree murder, a fealony murder, capital drug trafficking, or capital sexual battery
 * 1) The death penalty is still legal in some states
 * 2) But electric chairs are no longer being used.
 * 3) Also, people who are innocent may be sentenced to death, who didn't even do the crime.
 * 4) Now in the states that the death penalty is legal, they use a certain drug
 * 5) For example, Barry Sheck, was accused and found guilty but the only thing that tied him to the crime was a peice of hair found on ther crime scene, after he was killed, they did a DNA test and the hair was the victims, and not Sheck's
 * 6) One of the many arguments against the death penalty considered by the commission was its arbitrary nature
 * 7) Another problem with the death penalty is that if you take someones life, you cant give it back
 * 8) The death penalty also costs the government alot of money, because the drugs they use are expensive

Ashley Wetzel "Death Penalty." //News Batch//. N.p., Jun 2009. Web. 20 Dec 2010. []. 11. It is abolished in 13 states 12. But 5 more states have not carried out any recent executions 13. Lethal injection is used in most states, but in some states, the prisoner may choose a different method. 14. Governor George Ryan of Illinois imposed the death penalty. 15. In January 2000, when he reviewed the cases since 1977, 13 death row inmates were relieved of their murder charges. 16. And 12 were put to death. 17. By January 2003 Governor Ryan had commuted all death sentences to life in prison or less. 18. People argue that the execution of a person violates human rights. 19. Especially if there is still a possibility the person could be innocent. 20. The also say that it is barbaric when executing a mentally retarded person or juveniles. 21. About 10% of death row inmates suffer from mental retardation. 22. People question whether there are any differences in applying the death penalty to different races. 23. The number of blacks sentenced to death row used to outnumber whites by many. 24. But now, it is almost equivalent to their high percentage of prison population. 25. But with victims, there is a discriminatory pattern. 26. Studies show that homicides with white victims are more likely to be sentenced to the death penalty. 27. On March 1, 2005 the Supreme Court abolished it against minors. 28. Nebraska still is unsure whether or not if the death penalty should be abolished due to it being considered unconstitutional. 29. Most executions today occur in China, Iran, Saudi Arabia, and the US. 30. But China's number of executions have increased more and more over years.
 * 1) April 2008, the Supreme Court ruled that lethal injection did not violate the Eighth Amendment's prohibition of cruel and unusual punishment.
 * 2) June 2008, the Supreme Court ruled that the death penalty is not cruel and unsual for a person convicted of raping a minor.
 * 3) even though lethal in jection is considered the most humane way, some physicians refuse to participate.
 * 4) the number of Americans that support the death penalty has decreased.
 * 5) 60% still support it.
 * 6) the abolishment of the death penalty began in the 18th century.
 * 7) the first countries to abolish the death penalty included Venezuela in 1863, San Marino in 1865, and Costa Rica in 1877.
 * 8) of half the countries in the world have abolished the death penalty by law.
 * 9) It is illegal in Great Britain except in the case of treason
 * 10) When the US abolished the death penalty, from 1982 to 1999, 250 to 350 people were annually sentenced to death.

Ashley Wetzel //Anti-Death Penalty//. N.p., 17 Dec 2010. Web. 20 Dec 2010. []. 1. ways of executing: lethal injection, electicution, gas chamber, hanging, firing squad. 2. ﻿Number of executions this year: 46 3. Number in 2009: 52 4. examples of crimes punishable by death

5. a reason to be against the death penalty is it costs more for an execution than life in prison. 6. about 15% of victims that are executed are proven innocent, after the fact. 7. crime rates still have not gone down. 8. some people believe that if someone is to be executed for murder, they should just have to suffer with life in prison. 9. violates human rights. 10. it promotes that killiing is an ok solution to a difficult problem.
 * treason - federal and military courts, AR, CA, CO, GA, LA
 * perjury (lying under oath) - CA, ID
 * rape of a victim under 13 - LA
 * murder during an act of terrorism - NJ

Ryan Kean __Pro Con__. January, 29, 2009. December, 21, 2010 . If the penalty for killing someone is death how are killers supposed to value human life if the government can kill people for the right reasons
 * 1) Killling people for murder is the same as raping criminals in jail for rape or burning a criminals house down if they were in jail for arson
 * 2) The death penalty violates the 8th amendment because people at that time wouldve found the death penalty as cruel or unusual
 * 3) Most believe that the death penalty would be valid unless it shocks the conscience and sence of justice in the citizens
 * 4) Innocent people are sometimes convicted for capitol crimes they didnt commit so if one of them is given the death penalty and is killed the government would have killed an innocent citizen and would never have a chance to fix their mistake.
 * 5) Even if people think that some people deserve to die deciding who deserves to die is an extremely hard decision and it’s a decision in which you can’t afford to make mistakes
 * 6) The death penalty means that you can ignore the mentally ill and then kill them if they come out in the open and commit a crime
 * 7) The death penalty gives the government absolute power over who can live and who will die which is a power no one wants misused
 * 8) The death penalty does not fit into the system in which criminals are treated based on personality.
 * 9) The death penalty harms the very U.S citizens it is supposed to protect.
 * 10) The death penalty is unproven as a deterrent from violence and is still heavily sponsored by the states
 * 11) There is no credible evidence that shows the death penalty is more effective than life impisonment
 * 12) Killing someone because they killed someone close to you just starts a cycle of violence that just emforces the need for violence in those close to the killer
 * 13) Since the reinstatement of the death row 1 out of 7 people have been released because they were found innocent that error could be fatal if they find out too late
 * 14) The death penalty costs more for the tax payers because it combines long length trials and incarcertation of human life
 * 15) Even though african americans count for 13% of the U.S population 50% of people sentenced to the death penalty are african american and 2/3 people killed are minorities
 * 16) 2/3 death penalties have been overturned because of police or prosecutorial misconduct
 * 17) Requireing physicians to participate in the death penalty destroys pubic confidence in the medical field
 * 18) 13 states and the district of columbia have outlawed the death penalty
 * 19) 1136 people have been killed due to the death penalty from 1977 to 2008
 * 20) Arizona, California, Missouri, Maryland, and Wyoming use the gas chamber as a form of the death penalty
 * 21) New Hampshire and Washington authorize hanging as a form of execution
 * 22) Oklahoma and Utah authorize death by firing squad as a type of execution
 * 23) The first state to outlaw the death penalty for all crimes was rhode island in 1852 the second was wisconsin in 1853
 * 24) California executed its oldest death row inmate minutes after his 76th birthday on January 17th 2006
 * 25) The supreme court ruled that execution of the mentally retarded by way of the death penalty was unconstitutional
 * 26) The death penalty was reinstated in 1976
 * 27) The death penalty trial needs more pre trial time, more experts, twice as many attorneys and 2 trials 1 for guilt and 1 for punishment
 * 28) States that have abolished the death penalty have not shown a spike in murder rates
 * 29) The death penalty treats some members of the human race as non humans

Daniel Patterson __Death Penalty Focus__. December, 17, 2010. December, 21, 2010 .

The death penalty is wrong 1. The wrongful execution of an innocent person is an injustice that can never be rectified. 2. It costs far more to execute a person than to keep him or her in prison for life. 3. Since the reinstatement of the death penalty, 139 men and women have been released from death row nationally. 4. Many family members who have lost love ones to murder feel that the death penalty will not heal their wounds nor will it end their pain; the extended legal process prior to executions can prolong the agony experienced by the victim’s families. 5. The vast majority of countries in Western Europe, North America and South America more than 139 nations worldwide have abandoned capital punishment in law or in practice. 6. Perhaps the most important factor in determining whether a defendant will receive the death penalty is the quality of the representation he or she is provided. 7. Scientific studies have consistently failed to demonstrate that executions deter people from committing crime anymore than long prison sentences. 8. Scientific studies have consistently failed to demonstrate that executions deter people from committing crime anymore than long prison sentences. 9. Although isolated passages of religious scripture have been quoted in support of the death penalty, almost all religious groups in the United States regard executions as immoral. 10. The race of the victim and the race of the defendant in capital cases are major factors in determining who is sentenced to die in this country. 11. In 1990 a report from the General Accounting Office concluded that in 82% of the studies race of the victim was found to influence the likelihood of being charged with capital murder or receiving the death penalty. 12. Those who murdered whites were more likely to be sentenced to death than those who murdered blacks. 13. In every state that retains the death penalty, jurors have the option of sentencing convicted capital murderers to life in prison without the possibility of parole. 14. The sentence is cheaper to tax-payers and keeps violent offenders off the streets for good. 15. Total number of death row exonerations in the USA since 1973: ** 139 ** 16.Approximately 62% of all death row exonerates are non-white 17. From 2000-2007, there have been an average of ** 5 exonerations per year ** 18. Average number of years between being sentenced to death and exoneration 9.8 years 19. Number of cases in which DNA played a substantial factor in establishing innocence 17 20. To see a complete list of exonerations maintained by DPIC: 21. Dpic’s criteria for inclusion: Defendants must have been convicted, sentenced to death and subsequently either: a) their conviction was overturned and 1) they were acquitted at re-trial or 2) all charges were dropped or b) they were given an absolute pardon by the Governor based on new evidence of innocence 22. the most common causes of wrongful convictions are; eyewitness error, government misconduct, junk science, snitch testimony and false confessions 23. California taxpayers pay at least **$**** 117 million ** each year post-trial seeking execution of the people currently on death row 24. Executing all of the people currently on death row, or waiting for them to die there of other causes, will cost California an estimated ** $4 billion ** more than if they had been sentenced to die in prison of disease, injury, or old age 25. California death penalty trials have cost as much as ** $10.9 million ****.**

26. RACE OF PRISONERS CURRENTLY ON DEATH ROW BLACK: 1,371 (41.58%)

HISPANIC: 374 (11.34%)

WHITE: 1,475 (44.74%)

OTHER: 77 (2.33%)

27. RACE OF DEFENDANTS EXECUTED IN THE U.S. SINCE 1976

BLACK: 393 (34.6%)

HISPANIC: 78 (6.87%)

WHITE: 643 (56.6%)

OTHER: 22 (0.62%)

28. RACE OF VICTIMS SINCE 1976

BLACK: 239 (14.2%)

HISPANIC: 82 (4.87%)

WHITE: 1324 (78.67%)

OTHER: 38 (1.96%)

29. Some argue that the death of a criminal gives closure to their victim's (if they are still alive) and their families.

30. The death penalty serves as a deterrent to criminals who may be considering committing a capital offence.

31. One of the main principals of punishment and the judicial system is that the penalty fits the crime.

32. If someone violently murders another individual or numerous people, then it makes sense for the punishment to be death.

33. Some anti-death penalty campaigners describe examples of people on death row, or people have already been killed have then been proved innocent.

34.

35. By the 1930's up to 150 people were executed yearly.

36. The public support for capital punishment and various legal challenges reduced the execution rate to near zero by 1967.

37. The U.S. Supreme Court banned the practice in 1972.

Pros 38. A financial cost to taxpayers of capital punishment is several times that of keeping someone in prison for life. 39. It is barbaric and violates the "cruel and unusual" clause in the Bill of Rights. 40. The endless appeals and required additional procedures clog our court system. 41. We as a society have to move away from the "eye for an eye" revenge mentality if civilization is to advance. 42. It sends the wrong message: why kill people who kill people to show killing is wrong. 43. Life in prison is a worse punishment and a more effective deterrent. 44. Other countries (especially in Europe) would have a more favorable image of America. 45. Some jury members are reluctant to convict if it means putting someone to death. 46. The prisoner's family must suffer from seeing their loved one put to death by the state, as well as going through the emotionally-draining appeals process. 47. The possibility exists that innocent men and women may be put to death. 48. Mentally ill patients may be put to death. 49. It creates sympathy for the monstrous perpetrators of the crimes. 50. It is useless in that it doesn't bring the victim back to life.

Ryan Kean Mentor, Kenneth. __Justice Policy__. Creative Commons. December, 21, 2010 []. The death penalty is not a general deterrent because to be a general deterrent a punishment must be swift severe and certain and the death penalty is only severe


 * 1) The death penalty is a specific deterrent because there is no way the criminal can repeat their crime but this is also accomplished by life imprisonment
 * 2) To date 1226 people have been executed
 * 3) Between 1973 and 1995 68% of people sentenced to the death penalty had their cases reversed due to serious error
 * 4) Even though the death penalty is not an issue of cost it cost much more than life imprisonment
 * 5) The death penalty can put a strain on the communities that have to put up wit the costly trials forcing cuts in other areas
 * 6) The death penalty is not used consistently so criminals don’t think of it as much as a threat
 * 7) 80% of people convicted of the death penalty are convicted of killing white people but minorities count for more than half of the victims for homicide
 * 8) 95% of all people sentenced to death didn’t have enough money to afford their own attorney
 * 9) The supreme court’s ruling in Gregg vs. Georgia is what really brought the full death penalty back
 * 10) In 2001 public support for the death penalty was around 65% the lowest percentage since 1978
 * 11) In 2001 52% of people would rather criminals get the death penalty than life imprisonment
 * 12) In an ABC News/Washington Post poll 68% of people agreed with the statement “The death penalty is unfair because sometimes an innocent person is executed.”
 * 13) In another national poll when offered the alternate penalty of life imprisonment with restitution to the families of the victims support of the death penalty fell to 38%
 * 14) 72% of people felt that the death penalty should be suspended until questions about its fairness/constitutionality could be sorted out
 * 15) 38 people have been killed so far in 2010 because of the death penalty
 * 16) 15 white people have been executed for killing black people but 246 black people have been executed for killing white people
 * 17) 130 people have been released from death row with evidence of innocence
 * 18) Texas has killed 463 people since the modern death penalty started more than 4x as much as the state with the 2nd most executions, Virginia, with 107.
 * 19) The south has executed 1010 out of the total 1226 people killed due to the death penalty
 * 20) The death penalty has been abolished for juveniles
 * 21) 22 people have been executed for crimes committed as juveniles
 * 22) 11 women have been executed since 1976
 * 23) When presidents of top criminological institutions 88% of them rejected the idea that the death penalty is a deterrent to murder
 * 24) The south is responsible for more than 80% of executions
 * 25) In California the death penalty accounts for 114 million dollars beyond the cost of life imprisonment each year
 * 26) Each of the death penalty trials concluding in execution is 3 million dollars
 * 27) In Texas a death penalty case costs 2.3 million dollars
 * 28) 1052 people have been executed by lethal injection
 * 29) Maryland has executed 5 people.