Group

ANIMAL EXPERIMENTATION: 60 NOTES!

Thesis: Animal Experimentation is moraly wrong, very expensive, and there is no need for this.

Notes: KP


 * 1) It's impossible to know exactly how many animals are being used in research because U.S. laws do not require scientists to report how many mice, rats, or birds they use, but it’s estimated that 90% of lab animals are mice and rats.
 * 2) The animals that scientists do have to report using in experiments include dogs, cats, sheep, hamsters, guinea pigs, and primates. Of the animals that the USDA collects numbers on, 1,438,553 were used in research in 2002.
 * 3) Since more than 1.4 million mammals other than rats and mice were used in research, and since mice and rats probably make up 90% of the animals in labs, we can guess that about 14 million rats and mice were used in research in 2002.
 * 4) In labs, small animals, like hamsters, rats and mice, are usually kept in clear or white plastic boxes about the size of a shoebox. Animals a bit bigger, such as guinea pigs, live in larger boxes about twice the size of a shoebox. Usually, more than one animal lives in a box.
 * 5) Larger animals like dogs, cats, and primates usually live in wire cages. Most animals stay in their cages all the time except when they are being used in experiments.
 * 6) Living in cages can be a big problem for intelligent animals like dogs, cats, pigs, and primates who become tremendously lonely and bored unless they have things to play with or ways to get more exercise.
 * 7) More than half of the 1.4 million animals counted by the USDA that are used in research were not involved in experiments that caused pain. There is no way of knowing how many rats and mice were involved in studies that were not designed to cause pain.
 * 8) 489,262 animals that were used in research in 2002 (not including mice, rats, and birds—no one knows how many of these animals are used in research) were used in research that was either painful, distressful, or both. Most of these animals were given something that either helped take the pain away or helped them get over the pain quickly.
 * 9) 103,764 of the animals made to feel pain were not given anything to reduce their pain and suffering. Although some of this pain was slight—like getting an injection with a needle—some of it was extremely severe.
 * 10) Most of these animals are only used in one experiment, but sometimes the same animal will be used in more than one experiment. Most are euthanized shortly after being used in an experiment.
 * 11) Some lucky chimps will be able to retire from being used in research to the Chimp Haven sanctuary, built in Shreveport, Louisiana, thanks to a law signed by President Clinton in 2000.

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. .

Notes: KP


 * 1) There are live animal experiments authorized and around the world, animals are now used as objects of experiments, to test a variety of products. The product range is as diverse as skin creams and shampoos to cancer prevention drugs and vaccines.
 * 2) In certain countries, the law specifies that a new drug should essentially be tested on at least two different species of live mammal, one of which must be a large non-rodent!
 * 3) Even though the Animals Act specifies that there should be no animal experiments conducted if there is a realistic alternative and yet, almost every medication in the market has been tested on animals. Animals have been used in the development of anesthetics to prevent human suffering during surgery!
 * 4) Research reveals that only 5 to 25% of the animal tests and human results are agreeable! Most of the drugs passed by animal tests are now discarded as useless to humans – then why test in the first place?

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. [].

Notes: KP

> Of the animals used for cosmetic testing, 50% die two to three weeks after being tested. > The number of animals that are tested on each year. > The number of individual animals that were used in the U.S. in 2001. > The number of vaccinations that fail thanks to animal testing. > The first company to stop testing their products on animals was Avon. Many large companies such as Boots, Revlon and Yardley are following suit and claim to stop animal testing.
 * 1) 50%
 * 1) **17-22 million**
 * 1) **2,567,713**
 * 1) **1 in 10,000,000**
 * 1) **Avon**

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. [].

Notes: KP


 * 1) Animal experiments can be misleading. An animal's response to a drug can be different to a human's.
 * 2) Successful alternatives include test tube studies on human tissue cultures, statistics and computer models.
 * 3) The stress that animals endure in labs can affect experiments, making the results meaningless.
 * 4) Animals are still used to test items like cleaning products, which benefit mankind less than medicines or surgery.

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. .

Notes: KP

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. .
 * 1) = Thousands of rabbits like these babies are bred every year to satisfy the vivisection industry. Humans have condemned them to a life of pain and suffering. =

Notes: KP


 * 1) In animal testing, countless animals are experimented on and then killed after their use.
 * 2) Some animals are injured and will still live the remainder of their lives in captivity.
 * 3) The unfortunate aspect is that many of these animals received tests for substances that will never actually see approval or public consumption and use.
 * 4) The above note shows the idea that the animal died in vain because no direct benefit to humans occurred from the animal testing.
 * 5) Animal testing generally costs an enormous amount of money.
 * 6) Animals must be fed, housed, cared for and treated with drugs or a similar experimental substance.
 * 7)  Animal testing may occur more than once and over the course of months, which means that additional costs are incurred.
 * 8)  There are companies who breed animals specifically for testing and animals can be purchased through them.
 * 9) The reaction of a drug in an animal's body is quite different from the reaction in a human.

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. .

Notes: KP


 * 1) The supporters of animal rights say that animals have the right to live their own life peacefully; and we are not allowed to meddle with them just because we can.
 * 2) Deaths through research are considered unnecessary and are morally not different from murder. Animal dissection is regarded as misleading.
 * 3) <span style="font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">Arguments against animal testing may generate at least two different arguments. Some believe that the goals of this type of testing are not significant. The blinding of rabbits to have a new kind of mascara is yet to be justified.
 * 4) <span style="font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">Others argue that the reaction of an animal to a drug is quite different than that of a human being. Animals are involved in testing the products such as cleaning products that assist humans less than medicines or surgery.
 * 5) <span style="font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">The fact that the results attained from experiments on animal testing do not accurately portray their influence on humans is considered to be a one of the serious argument against the animal testing. Humans are quite different from other animals, so the consequences of animal testing may not applicable to humans. They argue that they way one species reacts to a given drug or chemical in a particular way does not necessarily entail other species will react in the same way.
 * 6) <span style="font-family: Verdana,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: normal;">Critics continue to argue that animal kept in unnatural conditions, or animals in pain or distress, are not giving rise to accurate or consistent results anyway. Stringent regulations have not eliminated researchers from abusing animals even though such instances are rare.

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; color: #333333; font-family: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: normal;">N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://www.soulcast.com/post/show/83190/Animal-Testing---the-pros-and-cons>.

Notes: KP (pro+con)


 * 1) <span style="color: #797979; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">animals have feelings and experience pain the way that humans do. CON
 * 2) <span style="color: #797979; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 12px; line-height: 17px;">experiments that cause too much suffering and distress to be ethically performed on humans can be done on animals with clear conscience. PRO

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; color: #333333; font-family: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px; line-height: normal;">N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://blog1.toon-fx.com/2008/06/25/118/>. Notes: KP ( pro :[ )

> The increase in years of the average human life expectancy as a result of animal testing. > The number of illnesses that humans and animals have in common. > Of all animals used, suffer no pain.
 * 1) **23**
 * 1) **200**
 * 1) **61%**

N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://www.youthnoise.com/page.php?page_id=2584>.

Notes: KP ( pro :[ )

<span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;"> <span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px;">N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://www.aboutanimaltesting.co.uk/using-animals-testing-pros-versus-cons.html>.
 * 1) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">Aids researchers in finding drugs and treatments to improve health and medicine.
 * 2) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">Many medical treatments have been made possible by animal testing, including cancer and HIV drugs, insulin, antibiotics, vaccines and many more.
 * 3) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">There are individuals who are against animal testing for cosmetics but still support animal testing for medicine and the development of new drugs for disease.
 * 4) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">Animal testing helps to ensure the safety of drugs and many other substances humans use or are exposed to regularly.
 * 5) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">Drugs in particular can carry significant dangers with their use but animal testing allows researchers to initially gauge the safety of drugs prior to commencing trials on humans.
 * 6) <span style="color: #333333; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; line-height: normal;">Scientists typically use animals for testing purposes because they are considered similar to humans.

Notes: KP ( pro :[ )


 * 1) The supporters of animal testing argue that if animal testing is eliminated, that many of the medications and procedures that we currently use today wouldn't exist and the development of future treatments would be extremely limited.
 * 2) Animal testing not only benefits humans but also helps other animals, for example the heartworm medication that was devised from research on animals has assisted many dogs.
 * 3) other testing techniques are not advanced enough
 * 4) minimize injury and maximise benefits
 * 5) the advantages outweight the costs.
 * 6) many argue that the lives of animals may be worthy of some respect, but the value we give on their lives does not count as much as the value we give to human life.
 * 7) As far as animal testing is concerned we are confronted with the moral dilemma of a choice between the welfare of humans or the welfare of animals.

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; color: #333333; font-family: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px;">N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://www.soulcast.com/post/show/83190/Animal-Testing---the-pros-and-cons>.

Notes: KP (just facts)


 * The United Kingdom has banned cosmetic testing since 1990.
 * France, which is one of the most influential nations in Europe, is against the ban on animal testing.

<span style="-webkit-border-horizontal-spacing: 2px; -webkit-border-vertical-spacing: 2px; font-family: verdana,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 10px; letter-spacing: 1px;">N.p., n.d. Web. 27 May 2010. <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/animal-testing-statistics.html>.